Ali Muhammad Khan, the head of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI), was detained again on Friday, two days after the Peshawar High Court (PHC) granted his release.
Mr Khan was also named in a corruption investigation, according to police.
Mr Khan had previously been ordered released by the PHC after being detained under the 3 Maintenance of Public Order (MPO).
A two-member bench comprised of Justice Ijaz Anwar and Justice Syed Muhammad Atiq Shah announced the judgement it had reserved earlier and granted his release in exchange for Rs100,000 in surety bonds.